Fungal Infection of the Scalp: What You Need to Know
A fungal scalp infection can gradually undermine hair health, causing itching, scaling, and sometimes visible patches of hair loss. Often dismissed as dandruff or simple irritation, these infections need timely attention to prevent damage to hair follicles.
What Is a Fungal Scalp Infection?
A fungal infection of the scalp, also known as tinea capitis, is caused by dermatophyte fungi that thrive in warm, moist environments. The fungus invades hair shafts and the skin of the scalp, feeding on keratin. Left untreated, it can weaken the hair, trigger inflammation, and in severe cases, lead to scarring and permanent hair loss.
Symptoms to Watch Out For
People with fungal scalp infections often notice intense itchiness, scaly or flaky patches, and areas of hair thinning or breakage. Sometimes, circular bald patches develop, with hairs breaking off just above the scalp. The affected scalp may appear red, inflamed, or even exhibit pus in severe cases. In children, swollen lymph nodes in the neck are also common.
How the Diagnosis Works
To confirm a fungal infection, dermatologists usually perform a KOH (potassium hydroxide) test, where a small scraping from the scalp is examined under a microscope. Alternatively, hair or skin cultures may be used to precisely identify the fungal strain. Trichoscopy (magnified scalp examination) can show fungal-specific features, helping guide therapy.
Treatment Options & Care
Treating scalp fungal infections generally involves oral antifungal medications, because topical treatments may not penetrate deep enough into hair roots. Drugs like terbinafine or griseofulvin are commonly prescribed for several weeks. In parallel, medicated antifungal shampoos (e.g. ketoconazole) help reduce surface fungal load and prevent spread.
It’s essential to maintain scalp hygiene: wash pillow covers, hats, combs, and avoid sharing personal items. During treatment, avoid heavy oil, scratching, or tight hairstyles that stress infected areas
Prognosis & What to Expect
Most fungal infections respond well to treatment, with hair regrowth starting once infection is under control. However, the timeline varies—milder cases may clear in a few weeks, whereas severe or neglected cases take months. If inflammation was significant, there is a risk of scarring, which may limit full regrowth.
Conclusion
Fungal scalp infections can be deceptive, mimicking dandruff or simple irritation, but untreated they can threaten your hair’s future. Early diagnosis and adherence to proper antifungal treatment are critical. At Supermax Hair Transplant Clinic, we offer specialized diagnosis and treatment plans to restore scalp health and support hair regrowth.